Fatma nsoumer wiki

Lalla Fadhma n'Soumer or Lalla Fatma n'Soumer, Lalla Faḍma n Sumer in Kabyle (born Fadhma Nat Sid Hmed in Abi Youcef, Algeria c.1830) was an important figure of the Algerian resistance movement during the first years of the French colonial conquest of Algeria. She was seen as the embodiment of the struggle. Lalla, the female equivalent of sidi, is an honorific reserved for women of high rank, or who are venerated as saints. Fadhma is the Berber/French spelling of the Arabic name Fatima, which is colloquially pronounced Fatma in most Arabic dialects as well as Berber.

Bibliography[]

• Emile Carrey, Récits de Kabylie. Campagne de 1857, Paris 1858
• Adolphe Hanoteau, Poésies populaires de la Kabylie du Jurjura, Paris 1867
• Tahar Oussedik, Lalla Fadhma n'Summer, Algeri, Laphomic, 1983
• Boukhalfa Bitam, Fadhma n'Soumer. Une autre lecture du combat de l'illustre fille de Werja, Draa Ben Khedda, Aurassi, 2000

See also[]

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Lalla Fatma N'Soumer

Algerian anti-colonial leader

Lalla Fatma N'Soumer (c. 1830 – 1863) (Kabyle: Lalla Faḍma n Sumer; Arabic: لالة فاطمة نسومر) was an Algerian anti-colonial leader^[1] during 1849–1857 of the French conquest of Algeria and subsequent Pacification of Algeria. She led several battles against the French forces, until her capture in July 1857. She was imprisoned until her death six years later. She is an Algerian national hero.

Name

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Lalla, the female equivalent of the Berber word mass, is an honorific reserved for women of high social rank or for holy women.^[2] "N'Soumer" means "of Soumer", where Soumer was the village nearest the zawiya of her lineage, the Sidahmed. She sometimes bore the name "Lalla N'Ouerdja". Her birth name seems to have been "Fadhma Si Ahmed Ou Méziane", but she went by Fatma N'Soumer and eventually Lalla Fatma N'Soumer with time.^[3]

Biography

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Fadhma Si Ahmed Ou Méziane was born around 1830 to Sid Ahmed Mohamed and Terkia n'ath Ykhoulaf^[4] in what is now the commune of Abi Youcef, near Aïn El Hammam. As her last name suggests, she descended from the lineage of a respected marabout, Ahmed Ou Méziane, which gave her more influence than most women of Algerian societ