Maharaja hari singh biography of williams
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William Brown (British Army officer)
British Indian Army officer (1922–1984)
Not to be confused with William Alexander Brown.
William Alexander BrownMBESI (13 December 1922 – 5 December 1984) was a British military officer based in British-ruled India. He is best known for his actions during the Partition of India, when he assisted the locals of the Gilgit Agency and led a coup d'état, codenamed Operation Datta Khel, against Hari Singh, the Maharaja of the erstwhile princely state of Jammu and Kashmir.[1][2] The successful coup ultimately resulted in the Gilgit Agency (in today's Gilgit−Baltistan) becoming a part of Pakistani-administered Kashmir following the First Indo−Pakistani War.[3]
Early life and education
[edit]Brown was born in Melrose, Scotland. His father William Brown had served with the Gordon Highlanders regiment of the British Army during World War I, and was a recipient of the Military Cross. His paternal grandfather Alexander Laing Brown had been a Liberal Unionist member of parliament for the Hawick Burghs between 1886 and 1892.[4] Brown attended St. Mary's School in Melrose and George Watson's College in Edinburgh. Upon finishing his schooling in 1941, he enlisted in the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders reg
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Hari Singh Nalwa
General of the Sikh Empire (1791–1837)
Hari Singh Nalwa | |
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Painting of Hari Singh Nalwa, by Hasan al-Din, Lahore, ca.1845-50 | |
In office 1822–1837 | |
Monarch | Ranjit Singh |
Preceded by | Amar Singh Majithia |
Succeeded by | Mahan Singh Hazarawala |
Born | 29 April 1791 (1791) Gujranwala, Shukarchakia Misl, Sikh Confederacy (present-day Punjab, Pakistan) |
Died | 30 April 1837 (1838) Jamrud, Khyber Pass, Sikh Empire (present-day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan) |
Spouses | |
Children | Arjan Singh Nalwa, Jawahir Singh Nalwa, Nand Kaur, Gurdit Singhji, Chand Kaur |
Parents |
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Awards | Izazi-i-Sardari |
Signature | |
Nicknames | |
Allegiance | Sikh Empire |
Branch/service | Sikh Khalsa Army |
Years of service | 1804–1837 |
Rank | |
Commands | |
Battles/wars | |
Hari Singh Nalwa (29 April 1791 – 30 April 1837) was the commander-in-chief of the Sikh Khalsa Fauj, the army of the Sikh Empire. He is known for his role in the conquests of Kasur, Sialkot, Attock, Multan, Kashmir, Peshawar and Jamrud. Hari Singh Nalwa was responsible for expanding the frontier of Sikh Empire to beyond the Indus River right up to the mouth of the Khyber Pass. At the time of his death, Jamrud constitu
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