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Abstract

Plant architecture is an important feature for agronomic performance in crops. In maize, which is a monoecious plant, separation of floral organs to produce specific gametes has been studied from different perspectives including genetic, biochemical and physiological. Maize mutants affected in floral organ development have been key to identifying genes, hormones and other factors like miRNAs important for sex determination. In this review, we describe floral organ formation in maize, representative mutants and genes identified with a function in establishing sexual identity either classified as feminizing or masculinizing, and its relationship with hormones associated with sexual organ identity as jasmonic acid, brassinosteroid and gibberellin. Finally, we discuss the challenges and scopes of future research in maize sex determination.

Keywords: Floral organs, Sex identity, Hormones, Feminized, Maize

Introduction

Reproduction is the process by which all the species may preserve, copy and transmit genes; hence, it may be considered one of the most important aspects in the life of most organisms. In plants, the different forms of reproduction have favored an adequate genetic variability to achieve their survival and e